Estate Planning Blog Articles

Estate & Business Planning Law Firm Serving the Providence & Cranston, RI Areas

Does an Estate Plan Help with Taxes for Business Owners?

The current lifetime exemption (the amount of assets an individual may transfer without paying federal gift or estate tax) of $13.61 million per person (and $27.22 million per married couple) is expected to revert to pre-Tax Cuts and Jobs Act level of $5.6 million per person and $12.2 million for married couples. According to a recent article, “3 Underutilized Estate Planning Strategies for Business Owners,” from Wealth Management, the time to take advantage of these historically high levels is now.

This is of particular importance for anyone whose wealth reaches these thresholds or who is planning on selling their business in the next year and a half if the sale could put them above these gross estate thresholds. Every dollar over that lifetime exemption will be taxed at a 40% tax rate upon death. This can be avoided with proper estate planning.

Three estate planning strategies detailed here take time to complete, and the IRS is known to scrutinize planning techniques that are done after a letter of intent (LOI) is signed. These strategies should be implemented before documenting an offer or drafting an LOI, ideally six to eight months before a transaction occurs.

The IRS has stated there will not be any “claw backs” if the estate tax exemptions fall to pre-2017 levels. This clear imperative makes this the opportune time to get these strategies underway without delay. Your estate planning attorney will know what works best for your unique situation, but these three are fairly common.

Spousal Lifetime Access Trust, or SLAT, is used to remove assets from the taxable estate so they aren’t subject to estate tax at death while retaining the ability of the spouse to access assets for the couple. This is despite not having a retained interest in the trust as long as the spouse is living and you are still married to said spouse.

A SLAT may be especially helpful for couples who aren’t ready to transfer wealth out of their estate and are concerned about having access to their assets. Remember that you’ll need to try not to use any of these funds until you’ve exhausted the money in your personal name.

A Grantor Retained Annuity Trust (GRAT) transfers the future growth of assets out of the taxable estate either outright or into a trust for descendants. The creator of a GRAT retains an interest in trust assets for a set period through the receipt of an annual annuity payment until the value of the asset originally put into the GRAT is returned. Basically, the GRAT pays back the money that went into the trust over the term of the trust plus interest. However, all future appreciation placed into the GRAT grows without being subject to federal gift or estate tax.

Sale to Defective Grantor Trust or Installment Sale is another strategy for business owners. This strategy is more effective if the timing of the business sale is not definite. Here’s how it works: business stock is sold to a trust in exchange for a promissory note. In the case of an installment sale, only the IRS-mandated interest has to be paid back annually. The outstanding principal owed to the trust creator may take place at the end of the term in a balloon payment. The principal remains in the trust longer and, ideally, will produce more growth and income than if the person used a GRAT.

Business owners need to work with their estate planning attorney to ensure that any of these strategies will be coordinated with any other estate planning strategies already in place. For most business owners, a combination of trusts and corporations is designed to achieve the twin goals of protecting assets and minimizing taxes.

Reference: Wealth Management (July 15, 2024) “3 Underutilized Estate Planning Strategies for Business Owners”

Why Communities Want Small Businesses to Have a Succession Plan in 2024

Entrepreneurship inspires new business openings every day. Small business owners may not consider succession planning when starting their new business. However, it is an essential step in any venture. Small businesses become a part of the community and make an impact beyond the owner’s livelihood. They add jobs, contribute to the community’s economic health, and become local fixtures for residents.

Based on Teamshares’ article, “Succession planning statistics in 2024: preserving a legacy,” we’re discussing the looming succession plan dilemma, why it’s essential and what it means for your business. As many small business owners without a succession plan set their sights on retirement in the next two years, those employees and their communities may lose wages and a business they love.

What Is the Small Business Succession Plan Dilemma?

Succession planning is ideally on every small business owner’s checklist, leaving a legacy in a family member’s hands once the owner retires. Owners should have a plan ahead of retirement if they become incapacitated or pass away unexpectedly. Succession planning is elemental for small business owners, much like estate planning is for anyone with assets.

Teamshares’ statistics indicate that over 60% of small business owners will retire between 2024 and 2026. Without a plan for family or someone else to lead the company once they retire, the company will likely close. You might be asking, “Why is that important?”

Why Small Business Planning Is Important for Your Company and Community

Small businesses employ nearly half of America’s workforce and contribute to local economies. With most owners retiring without a succession plan, chances are many of those companies will close across the U.S. in the next two years. Not having a succession plan for retirement or, in case of incapacity, could unwittingly be the catalyst for closing your company.

What Succession Planning Today Means for Your Company

Your company is built on hard work, entrepreneurship, and a dream. Having a successor running your business, if you retire or are unable, passes a legacy to family or someone you trust.

Work with an estate or business planning attorney to create a plan that protects you, any employees, your family’s livelihood, and your community. Like an estate plan, legal documents, such as living trusts, can keep your company open and pass on your legacy.

Establish a living trust, appointing a trustee or co-trustees to handle company operations and run the business. Draft financial and medical powers of attorney, empowering trusted agents to manage bill and invoice payments and bank transactions, employee payroll and oversee your healthcare, if you are mentally or physically impaired.

Small Business Succession Planning Dilemma Key Takeaways:

  • The Dilemma: Many small business owners will retire through 2026 and don’t have a succession plan to keep the business running.
  • Why Succession Planning is Important: Small business owners must create a plan for family or another trusted person to lead the company and continue its legacy.
  • What it Means for Your Business: Succession planning protects your business and legacy by empowering a successor after you retire or if you become incapacitated.

Conclusion

Whether you’re creating an exit strategy, empowering family members to take over, or preserving the company’s livelihood in a crisis, a succession plan protects you, your family and community from your company closing. Losses include income, employee wages and resident patronage. Consider a succession plan to empower a successor who will keep your business running.

Reference: Teamshares (Dec 22, 2023) “Succession planning statistics in 2024: preserving a legacy”

How Do You Plan a Business Succession?

When business owners die without estate or succession plans, chaos ensues as family members clash over leadership decisions and determining the direction of the business. Even the closest families can quickly descend into a battlefield of hurt feelings, endless arguments and faction-building, according to the article “How to Make Your Business Outlive You” from next avenue.

Family disagreements often escalate into legal disputes. Lacking leadership, businesses spiral downward and often must be liquidated, leaving behind broken families with severely depleted assets.

This scenario occurs in small businesses on a regular basis. Owners with the vision and tenacity to take their ideas and create a successful enterprise are often so passionate that they can’t imagine the business without them.

A well-defined succession plan matters to more than just the family and their customers. According to the Small Business Association, businesses with less than 500 employees account for 99.9% of all firms in the U.S., 43.5% of the country’s total economic output, and just under 66% of new jobs created. A well-designed succession plan contributes to the national economy,

Having a succession plan in place protects the business and the family from unforeseen circumstances and creates a roadmap for the future. What is the best time to start? When all is well, leaders are healthy and there’s no internal drama.

Start by contemplating your legacy. How do you want your family and employees to benefit from the value created by the business? Clarifying this will drive much of what follows.

Seek professional guidance. An estate planning attorney should be one of several professionals to ensure that the plan complies with laws and regulations in your jurisdiction. You also want to be sure your business succession plan aligns with your estate plan. Otherwise, the resulting confusion could lead to prolonged difficulties and even litigation.

You’ll need a power of attorney for someone to be able to make decisions if the business owner becomes incapacitated. A buy-sell agreement establishes a fair market value for the company. Life and disability insurance policies provide financial security for the owner and key personnel.

Put it in legally enforceable documents. Discussions only go so far. Executing a formal series of documents ensures that the plan will be enforceable by a court if needed. Language should be clear, with no ambiguity, to transfer ownership and business shares.

Potential successors need to be identified. Will everyone step up to the next level if the business owner becomes incapacitated or dies? This isn’t always the best solution. Sometimes, skills override structure.

Reviewing and updating the business plan should be done as often as you update an estate plan. Whenever there is a major event in the business, review the plan to see if it is still relevant.

A succession plan is all about legacy, continuity, safeguarding a business, letting employees know they are valued and reducing volatility in the family’s future. It allows the business owner to communicate their values and vision, even if they are not present to be part of the future.

Reference: next avenue (Dec. 12, 2023) “How to Make Your Business Outlive You”

How Can I Successfully Transfer My Business to My Children?

According to ITR Economics, out of the 77 million Baby Boomers in the U.S., an estimated 12 million are privately held business owners.

As ownership of businesses for those born between 1946-1964 is transferred to the next generation, an estimated $10 trillion worth of business assets is expected to be transferred in the coming years.

AZ Big Media’s recent article, “Passing the torch: Considerations for a successful generational business transfer,” explains the best way to have a successful business transfer.

Develop a Strategic Plan.  A successful generational business transfer takes time and planning. You should begin the planning process way in advance of the change in leadership. This can give a family time to define what the future of the company looks like. Determine what technology, human resources, and capital requirements the company needs to be successful in the short and long term. Ensure that the current and future owner’s visions are communicated. If both visions aren’t in alignment, discuss what the future for the business may look like. Balancing long-standing business practices with new changes can mean a sustainable and successful business. Begin integrating the future leader into day-to-day business operations before transitioning. Establishing a clear transfer of duties and mapping out a timeline can help with a smooth transfer process.

Get Finances in Order. Preparing business finances in advance of a generational transfer is critical. The current business owner may consider setting up a grantor-retained annuity trust for their successor. An experienced estate planning attorney can help to create this trust, which earns annual income for the beneficiary receiving the funds with minimal or no gift tax liability upon expiration. Family members may also consider transferring their business to the successor through an installment sale, which is a sale of property where at least one payment is received after the tax year in which the sale occurs. Note that an installment sale could mean a tax benefit for the seller because the overall tax liability is spread out over time rather than all at once during the business transfer. Once you decide on the preferred financial path to conduct the transfer, look at the company’s cash flow and other financial projections. List the projected expenses, liabilities and potential taxes owed, and then identify sources of liquidity to pay them.

Work With Financial Partners. If not already in place, look to assemble a team of trusted advisors, including a CPA, attorney, banker, and wealth advisor. This team can work through the financial aspects of any generational business transfer.

Transferring a business is a major family event involving potentially tough conversations and decisions. This can be a complex process. However, with proper planning, it also has the potential to be an opportunity to achieve new growth and elevate long-standing family business goals.

Reference: AZ Big Media (June 8, 2023) “Passing the torch: Considerations for a successful generational business transfer”

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